Electric controller.



J. H. HALL I ELECTRIC CONTROLLER. APPLICATION FILED v 0 0130, 1911.

Patented Feb. 18, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

' To all whom -z'if may concern:

- UNITED s'ra'rizsratrnntr OFFICE.

JAY :LHALL, or CLEVELAND, onro,

' MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, 01-110, A CORPORATTQN 01 Ohio.

EZECTRIC CONTROLLER.

.Be it known that I, JAY H. HALL, a citizen of the United States, residing. at Cleveland, inthe county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful I mprovements in 'Electric Controllers, of which the following is a specification.

JMy invention-relates to imp'rovementsjin electric controllers and particularly that type which are known as series-parallel con,

. t-rollers.

energized by provide,

the figures show Some of the objects of my invention are to in a series parallel controller, each only one set of switches for cutting out sections of resistance simultaneously in each rheostat, said switches having an operating winding one motor circuit and a hold.-

ing winding energized upon in circuit. 2 Referring to the accompanying drawings, diagrammatically two of the many iorms which my invention may assume.

Referring to Figure 1, which shows my invention applied to the series parallel cona master switch The act uattrol of" two motors, M indicates controller, S a series connection P a parallel connection switch.

ing coils s and p end permanently connected to the positive, the other end being connected to the negative by theopera'tion of the master controller. The armature of one motor the series field thereof at F and the regulating resistance at R ,'R R. The armature ofthe otherv motor is shown at AA, the series field thereof at'FF, and the regulating resistance at RR BB RR'. Both sets of resistances are controlled by a series of resistance switches S, y

The resistance switcher are of the type described in Harry R. Canfields applications, Serial Number 583,000, filed September 21,

.1910, and Serial Number. 604.331, filed January 9A, 1911, and Eastwoods Patent No. 1,040,292, granted October 8, 191.2, in which applications and patent the the peculiar characteristic that they remain in open. position when. their operating windings are Specification of iietters Patent. Application filed October 30, 1011. Serial No. 657,493.

to maintain it closed, and to provide the series and parallel switches with locking circuit which is theclosure of the first resistance switch and is held energizedso long as the motors are and of these switches have one is shown at A,

switch es ha ,Ye.

energized above a predetern'iined 1 value, and will operate toelpse their con- PatentedFeb. 18,1913.

ASSIGNOR TO THE ELECTRIC CONTROLLER AND taots when the energizatiot u fallsbelow this I value. Each switch is provided with an operating winding 0, c 0 respectively, and a maintaining winding H, H H respectively, both of which are energized by the current in the motor circuit.

A mechanical interlock between the switches S and P is shown at J. There is also anelectrical interlock consisting of two locking-out coils K K in series with a. resistance r in a circuit, one end of which is connected to the positive and the other end to the bridging pieces of the switches S, S S When energized, the coils K,K look their respective switches inthe open po sition but are not strong enough themopen after having been closed by manipulation of the master controller.

The operation of the controller is as follows: Bringing the master controller M to position 1 establishes a circuit from the positive through the actuatin coils of the series switch S, and the brus es m ym' to the negative, whereupon the switch;S closes,

to force live through the armature A and the series field F of the first motor, the resistance seetions R R R, the operating winding 0 of the switch S, the resistance sections RR,- RR BB the series field FF and the arma ture- AA of the second motor, and the series switch S to the negative. The two motors are connected in series, the, current in the motor circuit being limited by the total resistance in the, two rheostats. The heavy starting current flowing into the winding 0 of the switch S looks it in "the open posi-. tion, but, as the motors accelerate, the current decreases until it falls to the value at which the switch S" is adjusted. to operate, whereupon the switch S closes its contacts, short-circuits simultaneously the sections R, RR of the resistance together with the operating winding 0 of the switch S and connects the operating \vindirngc of the H of the switch S in the motor circuit.

from a point R and R,

switch S and also the maintaining winding The current follows now a path, starting are shortcircuited. However, since the winding H is now energized, the switch S the speeding up ofthe motor diminishes the amount of current to the'value at which the switch S is adjusted to operate. Then the switch S will close its contacts, short-circuit simultaneously the sections of the resistance R BB also the switch windings c and H, and .will connect the operating winding 0 of the switch Sf and the holding winding H of the switchj'S in the motor circuit. The-windings c 'and H, are now denergized; consequently the switch S drops to'the open position, but the switch S is held in the closed position by the energization of the winding H switch S? is locked open until the current in the motor circuit decreases to the value at which it is adjusted to operate, whereupon it will close its contacts, short-circuit simultaneously the two sections of resistance R RR and the windings c? and H The deenergization of the wlnding H causes the switch S to drop to the open position. The switch S ishel closedby the energization of the windin H The two motors are now connected In series directly across the line, current flowing from the positive through the armature A and the field F of the first motor, the winding H and the contacts of the switch S, the field FF and the armature AA of the second motor, and the series switch S to the ne ative. The'resist-ance switch S has anot er function: that of completing the locking-out circuit for the series switch S and the parallel switch P.

' As's'oon as the switch S closes its contacts,

BB3, the field FF,

the locking-out circuit is completed, current flowing from the positive through the locking-out coils K and K, the resistance r, the bridging iece of the switch S, the contacts thereo the resistances RR, BB the armature AA, and the switch S to the negative. It follows that, when the motors are coupled in series, the locking-out circuit is in parallel with the motor A and in series with the other motor AA. The energization of the coil K locks the parallel switch P in the open position, but is. powerless to open the said switch, once it is closed. Similarly, the coil 'K though energized is not strong enough to force open the series switch S, which is held closed by the coil 8, but will prevent the closure-of the said switch after it drops to the open position. It will be seen also that the switch S in operating closes at the for the locking-outjcin switch S drops, Likewise, the switch S in Similarly, the

of the motor operating closesa branch for the lockingout circuit through which current flows when the switch S drops.

To increase the speed of the motors, the master controller is brought to the parallel position, the brushesm, m m being on the line 2. It will be seen that for a short time both coils s and p are energized, the said coils being in parallel circuits completed through the brushes m and m However, the switch P can not close owing to the' mechanical interlock J and to the locking coil K which is energized; but as soon as the brush m leaves its corresponding strip, the coil 8 is denergized and the series switch S drops to the open position which in turn opens the motor circuit and causes the switch S to drop since its holding winding H is now deenergized. The switch S in dropping opens the locking-out circuit, thus denergizing the coils K and K. The switch P will now' close quickly connecting the two motors in parallel, one branch of the circuit being completed front the positive through the armature A and the field F of the first motor, the resistances R R R, the operating coil 0 of the resistance switch S, and the lower contact of the switch P to thenegative; the other" branch being established from the positive through the upper contact of the switch P, the armature AA and the field FF of the second motor, the resistances RR, BB RR, and the lower cont-act of the switch P to the negative. In closing, the parallel switch P tilts the mechanical interlock J so as to prevent the closure of. the series switch S. When the current in the circuit of the motor A has decreased below a certain limit, the switch S closes again, short-circuits the resistance R in the circuit of the motor A, and the resistance RR in the circuit of the motor AA, and connects the op erating winding of the switch S and its own holding coil H in the circuit of the motor A. Therfore, the switch S is held closed by the cnergization of the winding H. The locking out circuit is also energized, current flowing from the positive through the locking-out coils K and K, the resistance 1*, the bridging piece of the switch S, and the contacts thereof to the negative through the lower contact of the switch P. The coil K is powerless 'to force the switch P open, whereas the coil K- locks the switch S to the open position. The resistance switch S at first locked open by the rush of current, will close its contacts as soon as the current in the motpr circuit falls to the value at which it is adj lsted to operate. In operating, the switch; S will short-circuit the resistance R in the circuit A, the resistance RR in l'h'e circuit of the motor AA, and its operating coil 0 and the holding coil H of the switch at the same time connecting the operating coil of the swltch S and its ownl ceives onlyhalt the voltage of the. supply I nected' directly across the mains through the holdin' coilH in circuit. will operate, whereupon directly across the line, all resistance being .fore, the windings of the coils K and K .must be so proportioned as to be efliectivc are each provided shown at c, c

The switch S 3 rep, but the locking-out circuit maintained through the bridging piece of l the switch S Finally, the current fallsl to. a value which allows. the switch S to the said switch in closing its contacts short-circuits the resistance R in the circuit of the motor A and the resistance RR in the circuit of the motor- AA;,antl also short-circuits the windings c" and ll and connects its own holding coil H in circuit, which holds the switch S closed. The switch S drops to open position. The two motors are now connected short-circuited. The motor A is connected to the negative through the winding H, the contacts of the switch S and the 'lower contact ot' the switch 1, and the motor AA is connected to the negative through the contacts of the switch S and the lower contact of the switch I. The locking-out circu'it is connected to the negative through the of the switch S.

One point to be noticed is that in the series position the locking-out circuit resince it is connected in series with the motor AA, whereas in the parallel position said circuit receives full voltage since it is conoperation of the resistance switches. Therewith only half the voltage of the supply.-

Another point to be noticed is that the operating windings of the resistance switches are connected in one motor circuit only when the motors are connected in parallel which insures the same value of current for operating the switches for series or parallel connection of the motors.

in the controller shown in Fig. 2 the series switch S and the parallel switch P with auxiliary contacts which are closed when said switches operate. The resistance controlling switches S, S S, are of the type described in Harry R. Canfields application, Serial Number 583,000, which have their operating windings in the.

motor circuit and are locked in the open position as long as the current is above a predetermined limit. The operating windings of the switches S, S S are 0, respectively. Each of these switches also provided with a holding coil h, h'f, 715", respectively, which, instead of bein 'o'nnect ed in turn in the motor circuit as inv ig'. 1, are. connected in series in the positive "through the auxiliary contacts of either the switch S or the switch P, the h and the resistance r to a shunt circuit which is easily traced from y windings h h the negative. The windings h, 71 h are so proportioned that when energized they are unable to operate their respective switches but are strong enough to hold them closed once they have operated.

In operation, when the master controller is brought to the series position. the series switch S closes immediately and bridges its auxiliary contacts. The holding circuit of the resistance switches is now completed and the current therein flows in the windings h, k iv, but the switches S, S", S cannot close, as above explained. The closing of the switch S completes also the motor circuit, current flowing from the iosit-ive through the armature A and the field F of the first motor, the resistances R R R. the operating winding 0 of the switch S, the resistances RR, RR RR, the field FF and the armature AA of the secondmotor, and the switch S to the negative. The twomotors are then connected in series with all the starting resistance. in circuit. When the current in the winding diminishes to a. certain predetermined limit,th e switch S" will close its contacts, short-circuit simultlaneously the two s'ect ions R and RR ofthe resistance and connect the opratingwinding of the switch 3 in circuit. At the same time the winding 0 is short-circui-ted, but the switch S" is held closed by theenergization of the windin h: The operation of the'switch S establishes also the lockingout circuit, current flowing from the positive through the coils K K, the resistance 1", the bridging piece of the switch S, the resistances RR, BB RR, the motor AA. andv the switch s to the negative. It follows that the switch P will be locked in the'open position by the coil K The switches S and S will operate successively in the same manner as the switch S, short-circuiting a section of the resistance simultaneously in each rheostat. until the switch S operates, whereupon the two motors are connected in series directly across the line with all the' starting resistance short-circi'iited.

operated itis held closed and does not drop when the next switch operates. It now the master controller is brought to the parallel position, the windings of the two switches S and B are energized together for a short time; but the switch P cannot close since it is locked by the coil K and the interlock J As soon. as the brush m leaves its strip, the switch S drops open, whereupon the motor circuit and the 'holding circuit open. The resistance controlling switches'also drop to the open position since the holding coils 71., 71 h are decnergized. The switch that drops last also opens the locking-out circuit. This allows the parallelswi'tch P to close and to bridge its auxiliary contacts, thus energiz ng again the It must 1 be noticed that after a resistance switch has holding circuit through the coils h, h, 71. The two motors are now connected in parallel, the'circuit of one motor being established from the positive through the armature A, the field F, the resistance R R R, and the operating coil 0, to thenegative through the lower contact of the switch P, and the circuit of the other motor being completed from the positive through the upper contact of the switch P, the armature AA, the field FF, and the resistances BB RR RR to the negative through the lower contact of the switch P. The resistance switches will then operate as has been previously described, each switch short-circuiting a section of resistance simultaneously in the two rheostats and connecting the operating coil of the succeeding switch in the motor circuitf When the switch S operates, all the resistance is short-circuited and the two motors are connected in parallel, directly across the line, which is the position of maximum s eed. As soon as the switch S operates, tie locking-out circuit is again energized, thus locking the switch S in the open position and preventing the operation thereof so long as the switch P is closed. As in the case of Fig. 1, when the motors are connected in series, the locking circuit receives only half the voltage of the supply, whereas, when the motors are connected in. parallel, the locking circuit receives full voltage. As in Fig. 1, the operating windings of the resistance switches are connected in the circuit of only one motor when the motors are connected in parallel.

' It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that reversing switches for the motors of the type used in the series parallel method of control can be used in connection with my invention. If the reversing switches'are magnetically operated, another set of coils like K and K can be provided in the locking circuit.

I claim 1. Inv a series-parallel control system, two motors, a resistance in series with each motor, switches for controlling the resistances, operating windings for the switches energized by current through one of the motors, and means for connecting the motors in series and in parallel.

2. In an electric controller, two resistances, one or more switches for controlling the resistances, operating windings for the switches, energized by current through one of the resistances, and means connecting the resistances in series and in parallel.

3. A circuit, two resistances therein, means for connecting them inseries-and in parallel, contacts for controlling the resistances, and operating windings in the said'circuit for closing the said contacts.

4. A circuit, two resistances therein,

parallel, contacts for controlling the resistances, operating windin s in the said circuit for closing the sai -contacts, and holding windings for holding the contacts closed.

5. A circuit, two resistances therein, means for connecting them in series and in parallel, contacts for controlling the resistances, and operating windings in the said circuit for closing the contacts, the contacts having means for holding them closed so long as current flows through the said contacts.

6. In a circuit, two resistances, means for connecting them is series and in parallel, contacts for controlling the resistances, and means including operating windings for locking the contacts open when the current in the windings is above a predetermined value and closing the contacts when the current is reduced.

7. A circuit, two resistances therein, means for connecting them in series and in parallel, contacts for controlling the resistances, operating windings in the said circuit for closing the contacts, and holding windings energized upon closure of the contacts, for holding the contacts closed.

8. In a series-parallel control system, two

motors, switches for connecting them in series and in parallel, resistances for the motors, contacts for controlling the resistances, operating windings for the contacts energized by the current through one of the mo-' tors, and holding windings effective so long as current flows through the contacts.

9. In a series-parallel control system, two motors, switches for CODIIcCtiII them in series and in parallel, resistances tor the motors, contacts for controlling the resistances, and operating windings for the contacts energized by the current through one of the motors to lock the contacts open when the current in the winding is above a predetermined value and to close the contacts when the current is reduced.

10. In a series-parallel control system, two motors, switches for connecting them in series and in parallel, resistances for the motors, contacts for controlling the resistances, and means energized when the said contacts are closed, for holding one of the switches open.

11. In a series-parallel control system, two motors, switches for connecting them in series and in parallel, resistances for the motors, contacts for controlling the resistances, and a locking circuit energized when said contacts are closed, for preventing the closure of one of the switches.

12. In a series-parallel control system, two motors, switches for connecting them in series and in parallel, resistances for the motors, contacts for controlling the resistmeans for connecting them in series and in an es, a locking circuit energized when said V series and in parallel, resistances for the motors, contacts for controlling the resist- 1 ances, and means for closing the contacts 13.111 :1 series-parallel control system,-

two motors, switches for Connecting them in series and in parallel, resistances for the motors, contacts for controlling the resist ances, a bridging piece for said contacts, and a locking circuit connected to the bric ging piece for preventing the operation of one of the switches.

14. In a series-parallel control system, two motors, switches for connecting them in series and in parallel, resistances for the motors, contacts for controlling the resist-- ances, a bridging piece for the contacts, and means eonnected to the bridging piece for holding one of the switches open.

15. In a series-parallel control system, two motors. switches for connecting them in energized by current through one of the motors.

16. In a series-parallel control system, two motors, switches for connecting them in series and in parallel, resistances for the motors, contacts for controlling the resistances, and means energized by the current through one of the motors to lock the contacts open when the current through saidmotor is above a predetermined value and to close the contacts when the current is reduced.

17. In a control system a controlled circuit, a series of switches therefor arranged to close in a predeteri'l'iined order, windings for the switches energized by the current in the controlled circuit, and connections whereby each switch in closing energizes the winding of the next switch to operate and causes the switch which preceded in ope 2 tion to open.

18. Tn a control system, a controlled ciredit. a series of switches therefor arranged to close in a predetermined order, windings tor the switches connected in the controlled circuit by the switch which preceded it in operation, noldingwindings for the switches,

; and connections whereby each switch in closi l l I ing de'cnergizes the holding means of the preceding switch, maintains itself closed, and energizes the winding of the next switch to operate.

Signed at- Cleveland, Ohio, this 26th day of October, 1911.

' JAY n. HALL.

Vitnesses:

R. H. BENNE'LT, H. M.-DIEMER. 

